【Storyland讀寫工作室】是一個幫助兒童進行閱讀與創(chuàng)意寫作的機構(gòu),我們有一個夢想——為在中國生活的孩子們創(chuàng)造出全球化的閱讀和寫作浸染氛圍,令閱讀與寫作成為陪伴孩子終生的習慣與素養(yǎng)。熱情邀請您加入這場通向未來的創(chuàng)新之旅?;貜汀呵笆澜裆涣私馕覀兊那笆琅c今生。
這是【Storyland讀寫工作室】的微信向大家推送的第二篇 #兒童中英文雙語閱讀與寫作# 的精華原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容。(微信號:iStoryland)
每周日我們將刊登【Storyland讀寫工作室】的閱讀長老——來自加拿大的兒童閱讀及寫作老師Keith Hilling的專欄文章。
Keith老師才華橫溢(有光頭為證),幽默與嚴謹并存(多一分則太多,少一分則太少),對亞洲孩子的英文閱讀和寫作有著多年的一線教學經(jīng)驗(我心目中最好的閱讀老師,沒有之一)。這些專欄是他應邀為我們特別寫就的,再由【Storyland讀寫工作室】的資深圖書館目錄妞Clarice俏皮翻譯,請尊重他們的勞動成果。
如需轉(zhuǎn)載,請務必告知,征求我們的同意并注明出處,我們很樂意分享。如未經(jīng)同意擅自轉(zhuǎn)載,我們必將追究法律責任。
………訂閱我們的微信………
在“添加朋友”,查找公眾號“Storyland Studio”,或搜索微信號“iStoryland”
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做個優(yōu)秀的閱讀者
做個優(yōu)秀的閱讀者可以改變一個孩子甚至一個成年人的生活——這樣的句子大家一定已經(jīng)見過無數(shù)次了。
你一定想問,怎樣的閱讀者才算是“優(yōu)秀”的?又該如何成為一名優(yōu)秀的閱讀者呢?聽我今天為你一一揭曉答案!
被“一本書”擊中了!
在孩子得以真正全身心地熱愛閱讀之前,他們需要具備很多閱讀技巧。作為教育工作者,我們需要在孩子們學習這些技巧時,和他們分享自己對閱讀的熱情,盡最大的可能幫助孩子找到屬于他們的“那本書”?!澳潜緯庇质鞘裁矗?nbsp;
在每一位優(yōu)秀閱讀者的生命中,總有那么一個特別的時刻,他們邂逅了屬于自己的“那本書”?!澳潜緯毕蛩麄冋故玖碎喿x的強大力量,從此,閱讀就變成了他們一生的愛好和習慣。
我的“那本書”是約翰·羅納德·瑞爾·托爾金所寫的《霍比特人》。讀完了這本書,我突然對文字所擁有的強大力量肅然起敬,它將我?guī)У搅艘粋€遠離現(xiàn)實、充滿魔力、不可思議的世界。
對孩子來說,一旦他們找到了屬于自己的“那本書”,并開始愛上閱讀,美好的一切就開始了,他們在學業(yè)上的表現(xiàn)也將明顯提升。
成為一個優(yōu)秀的閱讀者需要具備什么?
最簡單、也最真實的答案是:在生命的每一天里,讀,讀,讀。從任何時候開始閱讀都不遲。但是就學習成績而言,孩子越早學著成為一位優(yōu)秀的閱讀者,他們的成績也將越好。
成為優(yōu)秀的閱讀者對孩子的全方面發(fā)展來說至關(guān)重要,讓我們來做數(shù)學題吧:
對閱讀不太感冒的孩子因為不喜歡閱讀,所以他們就不去讀。即使他們讀了,也只是單純地一頁一頁翻看過去,不是為了從中得到樂趣,也不是為了理解作者想表達的意思,更不會將書和自己的生活聯(lián)系起來。所以,他們讀得很少,從閱讀中得到的東西也很少。
另一方面,能從閱讀中得到樂趣、養(yǎng)成了閱讀習慣的孩子會不停地讀下去。他們熱切地想去讀更多更具挑戰(zhàn)的書,所以他們的閱讀技巧呈指數(shù)級地突飛猛進。正是這些閱讀技巧讓孩子們能讀得更久、更流暢,從而也獲得了更多樂趣。
“磚家”研究顯示,孩子在二、三年級時閱讀能力越強,他們在八年級的時候?qū)W習成績也將越好。
所以在三年級時就開始熱愛閱讀很重要,而且這一點兒也不難,只需要父母和教育者的一點點付出:教給孩子們必要的閱讀技巧,讓他們體會到閱讀的無與倫比的能量和快樂。
一旦孩子們擁有了閱讀技巧,并愛上閱讀,那作為教育者的我們,便能撒手讓閱讀成為最好的老師。
如何成為一名優(yōu)秀的閱讀者
從閱讀技巧來說,孩子們需要培養(yǎng)以下能力:
閱讀耐力:指的是孩子們持續(xù)閱讀而不覺得累的時間。保持每天閱讀會讓閱讀的耐力和體力增強,就像在跑馬拉松之前必須做一些跑步鍛煉。慢慢地你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己“根本停不下來”!
流暢度:指的是在“讀懂”這個前提下的閱讀速度。這個技巧對于提升閱讀幸福感至關(guān)重要。想象一下,在你看美劇的時候,是網(wǎng)速越快越好,還是放一會兒卡一會兒更好呢?當然,流暢度也能通過保持每天閱讀來提高,就像短跑健將博爾特為了備戰(zhàn)奧運會而堅持訓練。
理解能力:幫助孩子們讀懂更多艱澀困難的書。這個方面非常需要教育者加入進來,發(fā)揮自身作用、積極幫助孩子們進行提高。
教學中,教育者需要講解并培養(yǎng)孩子這四個具體的理解能力:
- 預習和總結(jié)。對故事的預判斷(即讀前想象)能引起更深層次的思考,提高理解能力。對故事的總結(jié)(即再述)能加強理解能力。優(yōu)秀的閱讀者每讀幾頁就會停下來,檢查他們對故事的理解程度。
- 擁有詞匯策略。這意味著孩子能夠破譯新單詞。如果學生們不害怕新單詞、長單詞,那他們就學會更多單詞,擁有更大的詞匯量。一個能記住“Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious”的人,其他單詞對他來說完全就是小菜一碟嘛。
- 在腦中形成畫面。當你在閱讀時能記住更多細節(jié),并將故事人物圖像化,那你對故事的理解會更深刻,閱讀就會變得更加好玩。在培養(yǎng)閱讀習慣的早期,將故事人物和情節(jié)畫下來是一個很好的方法哦。
- 將閱讀和生活聯(lián)系起來。這個部分中,父母和老師的幫助顯得尤為重要。如果孩子們能在生活中討論他們閱讀的內(nèi)容,他們便能將閱讀和實際生活聯(lián)系到一起,那閱讀將會成為他們了解世界的窗口。
每天堅持閱讀加上恰當?shù)闹笇В憔湍躦et到以上新技能。這些技能需要內(nèi)化,然后在老師或其他成人的指導下進行獨立的鍛煉。
優(yōu)秀閱讀者的力量
“動力是成功之母”。你越喜歡某件事,你越能將它做好。我們不僅是讓閱讀成為孩子終生的好習慣,更是為他們今后的成就提供多一個工具。
從任何時候開始閱讀都不遲?,F(xiàn)在,我正讀由阿蘭·本奈特(Alan Bennett)所寫的《非普通讀者(The Uncommon Reader)》。這是一部虛構(gòu)小說,作者用有趣和諷刺的口吻講述了閱讀的力量。
一天,年邁的英國女王發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個流動圖書館(是的,走過路過你沒有看錯,在英國還真有這東西)!女王每天兢兢業(yè)業(yè)、日理萬機,所以不得不放棄了閱讀。但她還是借了一本書,因為她覺得如果不借個一本兩本的有些不太禮貌。她選了一本,開始讀了起來,不久就發(fā)現(xiàn)了屬于她的“那本書”!從此女王就像觸發(fā)了多米諾骨牌,最終她改變了對世界的看法(也改變了國家的命運)。
這本書給了我們?yōu)楹我蔀閮?yōu)秀閱讀者的真正原因:你將擁有讓自己和別人的生活變得更加美好的力量。
? 下周,我將和大家討論大聲朗讀的重要性,以及為什么有聲讀物必不可少。
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(以下是Keith 老師原文,更愿意讀英文的朋友看過來吧。)
On Being a Good Reader
Being a good read can change a child’s —and even an adult’s —life. But what exactly is a good reader? And how does one become a good reader?
There are many skills that children need to acquire before they can fully love reading. As they are learning these skills,it’s our job as educators to share our passion for reading and give our students every possibility to find: ‘the book’.
At some point in every good reader’s life, they come across ‘the book’. One book that shows them the power of reading and the transformative power of ideas. Reading then turns into a lifelong habit …For me it was The Hobbit by J.R.R Tolkien. After reading that book, I was awestruck by the ability of words on a page to take me to magical, far away places.
Of course, the side effect of ‘the book’and the lifelong causal chain of learning it starts is, for children, increased academic performance.
What do you need to be a good reader?
The easy answer —and the truest answer —is: read and read and read some more. Everyday. For the rest of you life. It’s never too late to start, but when it comes to school performance, the early a child learns to be a good reader, the better their academic performance will be.
Being a good reader can be crucial to a child’s development. It’s math. Kids who have trouble reading, obviously, don’t like reading. So, they don’t read. And if they do read, they read to finish the pages, not for joy or to find the author’s meaning or to make connections to their own lives. So, they read very little.
On the other hand, children who develop the joy and habit of reading continue to read; they are eager to read more and more challenging books, so they push their reading skills forward. It’s exponential. These children will continue to read more as their reading fluency and stamina increase because now their reading skills allow them to get more enjoyment out of what they read.
Studies show the higher their reading ability is in Grade 2 and 3, the higher their reading ability and their overall academic performance is by grade 8 and even by the end of grade 12.
Being a good reader by Grade 3 is important. But it’s not hard to be a good reader. All it takes is a little dedication on the part of parents and educators: To teach children the necessary reading skills and to open their eyes to the amazing richness and joy that reading can bring. Books are fun.Once kids have the tools to love them, then, we as educators, can let the magic of reading do the majority of the teaching.
How To Become a Good Reader
Simply, in terms of acquired skills, children need to build up:
Reading Stamina:the amount they can read without getting tired. This is improved by reading everyday. Just like a runner training for a marathon.
Reading Fluency:the speed at which they can read and still understand. This is a crucial skill that helps promote the joy of reading. Again, this is improved by reading everyday. Just like a sprinter training for the olympics.
Comprehensions Skills: specific skills and strategies that help students understand increasingly more difficult books. Here is where the educator plays an active part in the formation of a good reader.
Specific Comprehension Skills that educators need to teach:
-Preview and Summarize.Prediction (thinking about the story before you read) starts deeper thinking and leads to improved comprehension. Summarize(retelling the story) reinforces their comprehension skills. Good readers will stop after every couple pages to check their understanding.
- Have Vocabulary Strategies. Able to decode new words. Also students are not discouraged of new or long words —thus they are able to acquire better vocabularies.
- Make pictures in their head. Those kids who can remember details and able to picture characters in their head make a deeper connection to the story. Reading is more pleasurable to them. At an early stage drawing pictures of the characters and setting can be a crucial element to having them become better readers.
- Make connections to what they read. In this part parents and good teachers are crucial. The more the students are engaged and discuss what they read, the more meaningful reading becomes as an every day tool to explore the world around them. They can then connect what they read to their own lives.
Acquiring these abilities is done by reading everyday and having quality instruction where students are taught the skills needed to be a good reader. These need to be internalized and used independent of adult or teacher’s supervision.
The Power of a Good Reader
Like anything in life, the more you like doing something, the better you are able to do it. Motivation has a direct relationship with success. So, by having kids reading for pleasure we are not just turning them on to a lifelong hobby, but giving them a tool for future success.
But it's never too late to find that joy of reading —Right now I’m reading The Uncommon Reader by Alan Bennett. It’s a fictional story. It’s a funny and satirical look at the power of reading.
One day, a very old Queen of England finds a mobile library (Yes, they have those in England). Having given up reading because of her busy everyday life, she nonetheless borrows a book feeling it would be impolite not to take one book. She picks one and starts reading and soon finds ‘the book’. This discovery starts a chain of events that leads to her changing her view of the world (and the fate of her country).
This story shows the real reason to be a good reader: The power to shape your own life and that of others for the better.
? Next week I will talk about the importance of reading aloud to kids —and the necessity of audio books.
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上周日,Keith老師的第一篇閱讀專欄受到了非常多讀者的追捧,很多朋友在發(fā)來微信消息分享他們對閱讀的點滴感受,探討閱讀經(jīng)驗,甚至對Keith老師的婚配情況都表現(xiàn)出了濃厚的興趣。別著急,Keith長老的神秘面紗我們將為你慢慢揭開。
今天Keith閱讀長老的第二篇專欄也新鮮出爐啦!作為讀者的你們,對兒童閱讀和寫作有何高見或疑惑呢?非常歡迎大家向他提問與互動!
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「Storyland Studio」
我有一個夢想,
為在中國生活的孩子們創(chuàng)造出全球化的閱讀和寫作浸染氛圍,
令閱讀與寫作成為陪伴孩子終生的習慣與素養(yǎng)。
熱情邀請您加入這場通向未來的創(chuàng)新之旅。
(微信號:iStoryland)
如果您喜歡此文章,請分享給小伙伴們吧。
如需轉(zhuǎn)載,請務必告知,征求我們的同意并注明出處,我們很樂意分享。如未經(jīng)同意擅自轉(zhuǎn)載,我們必將追究法律責任。