As a student in China, should your child spend more time learning to read and write in English? In my opinion, the answer is no.
If you wish to use a nail, find a hammer. If you have a screw, use a screwdriver. It's always best to use the right tool for the job. Similarly, using the same techniques and methods you've used to study one language may not always be the most appropriate for another language. While hammering a screw into a piece of wood may get the job done, it wouldn't be the most efficient way.
So, let's compare Mandarin and English for a moment.
Traditionally a lot of importance seems to have been placed on reading and writing in China. There is good reason for this. One of the biggest reasons seems to be that there are actually a lot of different languages spoken in China and throughout Asia. The written Chinese word was designed to bridge the gap between all of them, and it has done remarkably well throughout history.
The approach has been different in other parts of the world, however. Instead of bridging the gap by developing a written language that can be understood by speakers of different languages, people (especially those of European decent) have competed to pass on their spoken languages to other groups of people, with English emerging as the more dominant one in today's world. Thus, it was felt that the gap in communication was better off being eliminated rather than bridged; the result being that many people in the world have become multi-lingual.
Over time, Chinese characters developed into rather complex designs. The complexity was often highly regarded as a sign of education and artistic accomplishment. Eventually, it was decided that there was a need to simplify the characters somewhat, but the regard and value placed on Chinese writing remained, along with most of the complexity; a regard that is not as prevalent or strong in other countries.
Students in China still have to spend a great deal of time studying and practicing the written word due to the complexity of the characters, not to mention that writing is still seen as a respected scholarly achievement. Keep in mind that Mandarin is widely spoken on a daily basis by Chinese people with very loose grammar rules, so it is not usually very necessary to place a lot of importance on teaching students to speak the language in a Chinese classroom. Most Chinese people learn to speak at home or in their environment. The media also plays an important role in teaching people to speak, so the only real difficult thing Mandarin speakers need to study is writing.
When learning English in China, the situation is quite different. Many young students have few encounters with English speakers outside a classroom setting and rarely listen to English media. Also, it should be strongly noted that the English alphabet is pretty different in its design. The English alphabet was not designed to bridge the gap between different dialects or languages, but it was designed with simplicity in mind. It is easier and simpler to arrange the same twenty-six letters in different combinations, but a firm grasp of the spoken language helps a lot when using this method, considering the fact that English writing is based on some general phonetic rules which usually apply.
Besides the differing cultural values, there are other differences to consider as well. English has a more complex and rigid set of grammar rules as well as a larger vocabulary. Both grammar and vocabulary can more easily be grasped by speaking aloud. Memorizing a list of vocabulary words will prove far more difficult than speaking those same vocabulary words in sentence patterns which attach more concrete meaning in a student's mind. One can generally learn more vocabulary words via oral English than with written English in a classroom, especially if the class was properly planned by a competent teacher and listening skills have been cultivated in the proper way. This can be critical when studying English, because the vocabulary is so vast and the time spent in the classroom is limited. Grammar, likewise, is better learned through practice and demonstration rather than merely explaining the rules, because communication often takes place at a rate that is too fast for conscious observance. Oral English, therefore, improves reading comprehension, rate of learning, punctuation, and sentence structure; just to name a few points.
These are important points to consider for those highly concerned with simply passing written exams. They might tend to dismiss the importance of practicing oral English, since they don't need to speak during a written exam, but they seem to overlook the fact that oral English benefits a student in more ways than one. I advise people with this viewpoint not to be so narrow-minded in their approach, as there is often much more to reality than we may be aware of. Broaden your perspective, and you may see whole new avenues you would have never dreamed of before.
Reading and writing in English is not difficult to practice on your own, once you have learned the basics. English books and documents are readily found in today's information age, but finding a good teacher who can guide and assist your practice of the spoken word can present more of a challenge in China. If you can find such a person, use your time in an efficient manner and speak as much as possible.
In summary, students in China are better off focusing on oral English. While some people have a tendency to undervalue the importance of oral English, I think this is largely due to a lack of understanding and misplaced cultural values. Reading and writing with the English alphabet is not difficult, especially if you have studied and mastered the more difficult Chinese characters. In fact, it was designed to be easy. Reading and writing skills (not to mention comprehension) can be vastly improved by learning to actually speak the language, which is what most Chinese students need to practice the most.
可能考慮有些家長看不懂,我中文概括一下大體內(nèi)容:
1. 英語和中文是不同的兩個(gè)語言,中文的書寫和口語的發(fā)音是不相關(guān)的,書寫復(fù)雜,因此要花大量的時(shí)間閱讀和寫作。
2. 中國的孩子在讀小學(xué)前,或者說學(xué)習(xí)閱讀書寫前,中文的口語表達(dá)能力已經(jīng)非常成熟和完善,而很多中國孩子在學(xué)習(xí)閱讀書后,口語表達(dá)能力還非常欠缺。
3. 英文的單詞書寫和口語關(guān)聯(lián),英文就26個(gè)字母結(jié)合,因此,對(duì)于光是寫字來說,是很容易的,但是,書寫的語法要求和表達(dá)方式的要求是很高的,而口語好的情況下,書寫的語法運(yùn)用就會(huì)簡單很多。而書寫語法和表達(dá)要準(zhǔn)確,必須基本的語法掌握,而基本的語法掌握,必須在口語中得到鍛煉。而非閱讀和書寫,因?yàn)殚喿x和書寫的語法是難多了,是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于基本的英文語法。
4. 很多時(shí)候,大家可以得到很多資源用于閱讀和寫作,但是,口語恰恰是得不到足夠的練習(xí)的,而實(shí)際上如果開始口語得到足夠的鍛煉(這里不僅僅是指每天,或者每周的時(shí)間鍛煉,而是指一個(gè)長期性的連貫性足夠性的學(xué)習(xí)和鍛煉),而口語的學(xué)習(xí)沒有想閱讀那樣大家能夠自己找到很多信息和資源來練習(xí),除了家長自身英語口語表達(dá)能力很好,這個(gè)是需要專業(yè)的老師的,因此長期性顯得更為重要。而很多人基本的口語基礎(chǔ)沒有得到足夠的鍛煉就放棄口語,學(xué)習(xí)書寫,但發(fā)現(xiàn)困難很大。
好了,中心意思為此,但具體的和準(zhǔn)確的還是要看英文全文。
這里不是說不要閱讀什么的,閱讀是非常好的,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)英語是有幫助的,但是大家還是要首先花時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)好口語。相比于閱讀,家長輔導(dǎo)孩子更方便些,因?yàn)榭梢宰约涸诩依锱?。這點(diǎn)是可以理解的,但是這不是意味著,花大量的時(shí)間閱讀,而減少最基本的口語練習(xí)了,因?yàn)樽约翰僮髌饋砭捅容^困難,因此口語練習(xí)的堅(jiān)持和長期就很重要了。
其實(shí)很簡單,大家看看這篇文章,我們作為英語還好的家長們,覺得自己花了那么多年得閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)寫作,是否覺得這篇短短的文章對(duì)有的家長來說閱讀有些吃力,如果要用這樣的思維寫作,是不是難上加難?
為什么?因?yàn)槲覀兊淖罨镜恼Z法基礎(chǔ)沒有打好,我們的口語水平遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。因?yàn)槲覀円郧皩W(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候,口語練習(xí)的時(shí)間實(shí)在太少了,就好比蓋個(gè)房子,基地只放幾塊磚,而上面放好多磚,房子就不會(huì)那么牢固的。也就是說那房子并不好使。
Oral communication can improve your reading and writing communication better.