看到這篇文字,拿來和這里一年級家長分享。文章來源:獨(dú)角獸資訊
美國有一套書叫作《你的N年級孩子應(yīng)該知道什么》,很受歡迎。雖然學(xué)校的老師不一定完全按照它上面的內(nèi)容講授,但大體上反映了學(xué)校里應(yīng)該學(xué)到的東西了。一般開學(xué)時(shí)老師會(huì)建議家長買這本書,然后配合學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)。這套書有給學(xué)前班、一年級、二年級、三年級、四年級、五年級這些年級的。比如,一年級的書名就是"What Your First Grader Needs to Know"。
小東升現(xiàn)在正在上一年級,我就把一年級的內(nèi)容翻譯一下。翻譯的不好,所以把英文原文也抄下來,請網(wǎng)友們幫助東升修改吧。
目錄
I. 語言和文學(xué) (Language and Literature)
一年級學(xué)生的讀、寫 (Reading, Writing, and Your First Grader)
教孩子閱讀,注意平衡 (Traching Children to Read: The Need for a Balanced Approach)
學(xué)習(xí)閱讀和寫作 (Learning to Read and Write)
讀寫的目標(biāo):從學(xué)前班到一年級 (Goals for Reading and Writing: From Kindergarten to First Grade)
一個(gè)好的一年級教學(xué)計(jì)劃是什么樣的? (What Does a Good FIrst-Grade Program Do?)
家長如何幫助? (What Parents Can Do to Help?)
文學(xué) (Literature)
引言 (Introduction)
大聲朗讀 (Read-Aloud Activities)
詩歌 (Poetry)
傳統(tǒng)民謠 (Traditional Rhymes)
小沙利沃克 (Little Sally Walker)
如果愿望能變馬 (If Wishes Were Horses)
紅心女王 (The Queen of Hearts)
三個(gè)聰明人 (Three Wise Men of Gotham)
所羅門.格蘭門 (Solomon Grundy)
九月有三十天 (Thirty Days Hath September)
繞口令 (Tongue Twisters) (東升注:我曾經(jīng)寫過英文有關(guān)繞口令的博文)
謎語歌謠 (Riddle Rhymes)
更多給一年級的詩 (More Poems for First Grade)
牧場 (The Pasture)
希望 (Hope)
一個(gè)好游戲 (A Good Play)
裁縫 (The Swing)
青蛙 (The Frog)
紫色的牛 (The Purple Cow)
我知道所有動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音 (I Know All the Sounds That the Animals Make)
貓頭鷹和小貓咪 (The Owl and the Pussy-cat)
我的影子 (My Shadow)
跳繩歌謠 (Rope Rhyme)
餐桌禮儀 (Table manners)
唱首人們的歌 (Sing a Song of People)
華盛頓 (Washington)
云肯、布林肯與諾德 (Wynken, Blynken, and Nod)
感恩節(jié) (Thanksgiving Day)
伊索寓言 (Aesop's Fables)
狼來了 (The Boy Who Cried Wolf)
狐貍和葡萄 (The Fox and the Grapes)
馬槽中的狗 (The Dog in the Manger)
賣牛奶的女孩 (The Maid and the Milk Pail)
披著羊皮的狼 (The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing)
下金蛋的鵝 (The Goose That Laid the Golden Eggs)
故事 (Stories)
所有的故事都是阿南西的 (All Stories Are Anansi's)
在堤防上的男孩 (The Boy at the Dike)
兄弟兔得到了兄弟狐貍的晚餐 (Brer Rabbit Gets Brer Fox's Dinner)
青蛙王子 (The Frog Prince)
奇幻森林歷險(xiǎn)記 (Hansel and Gretel)
跳跳虎的早餐 (In Which Tigger Comes to the Forest and Has Breakfast (from The House at Pooh Corner))
一寸法師: 一寸少年 (Issum Boshi: One-Inch Boy)
拇指湯姆 (Tom Thumb)
事情總可能變得更糟(It Could Always Be Worse)
杰克與仙豆 (Jack and the Beanstalk)
膝蓋高的人 (The Knee-High Man)
半雞 (Medio Pollito)
花衣魔笛手 (The Pied Piper of Hamelin)
匹諾槽 (Pinocchio)
公主與豌豆 (The Princess and the Pea)
穿靴子的貓 (Puss-in-Boots)
長發(fā)姑娘 (Rapunzel)
爛皮兒踩高蹺皮兒 (Rumpelstiltskin)
睡美人 (Sleeping Beauty)
彼得兔的故事 (The Tale of Peter Rabbit)
為什么貓頭鷹有雙大眼睛 (Why the Owl Has Big Eyes)
戲劇 (Drama)
狼來了:戲?。═he Boy Who Cried Wolf: A Drama)
日常俗話 (Family Saying)
一天一蘋果,醫(yī)生不上門 (An apple a day keeps the doctor away.)
己所欲,施與人 (Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.) (東升注:西方的“金科玉律”)
正中要害 (Hit the nail on the head.)
一次不成功,努力再努力 (If at first you don't succeed, try, try again.)
挪得之地 (Land of Nod.) (東升注:引申為“夢鄉(xiāng)”)
讓那只貓從口袋里出來 (Let the cat out of the bag.) (東升注:它的實(shí)際意思是:在不小心的情況下瀉露了秘密)
多多益善 (The more the merrier.)
今天能做的事今天做 (Never leave till tomorrow what you can do today.)
熟能生巧 (Practice makes perfect.)
沒有比家更好的地方 (There's no place like home.)
II. 歷史和地理 (History and Geography)
引言 (Introduction)
世界歷史和地理 (World History and Geography)
歷史:每個(gè)人的故事 (History: everyone's Story)
冰川時(shí)代:人類在遷移 (The Ice Age: Humans on the Move)
埃及:尼羅河的禮物 (Egypt: Gift of the Nile)
異想天開的法老和不可思議的遺跡(Fantastic Pharaohs and Marvelous Monuments)
象形文字:用圖畫寫字 (Hieroglyphics: Picture Writing)
沿尼羅河而下 (A Journey Down the Nile)
法老王圖特的寶藏 (The Treasures of King Tut)
兩河流域 - 又一個(gè)禮物 (Mesopotamia - Another Gift)
什么是金字神塔?(What's a Ziggurat?)
一個(gè)領(lǐng)袖和法律 (A Leader and the Laws)
宗教:不同人的不同信仰 (Religions: What Different People Believe)
猶太教 (Judaism)
摩西的故事 (The Story of Moses)
基督教 (Christianity)
第一個(gè)圣誕(The First Christmas)
基督教師:好撒馬利亞人的寓言(Jesus the Teacher: The Parable of the Good Samaritan)
復(fù)活節(jié) (Easter)
伊斯蘭教 (Islam)
美國歷史和地理 (American History and Geography)
過大陸橋 (Crossing the Land Bridge)
叢林中的城市:瑪雅 (Cities in the Jungle: The Maya)
湖中的城市:阿茲特克(City in the Lake: The Aztecs)
云中的城市:印加 (Cities in the Clouds: The Incredible Inca)
歐洲人的到來 (The Arrival of the Europeans)
西班牙統(tǒng)治者 (The Spanish Conquerors)
為什么西班牙人戰(zhàn)勝了?(Why Did the Spanish Win?)
墨西哥的今天 (Mexico Today)
然后是英國(And Then Came England)
失卻的殖民地 (The Lost Colony)
最后的英國殖民地:詹姆斯敦(A Lasting English Colony: Jamestown)
風(fēng)中奇緣 (Pocahontas)
新移民 (The Pilgrims)
清教徒(The Puritans)
奴隸來到殖民地 (Slavery Comes to the Colonies)
十三個(gè)殖民地 (Thirteen Colonies)
殖民地居民和國王 (The Colonist and the King)
波斯頓茶黨 (The Boston Tea Party)
與母國戰(zhàn)斗? (A Fight with Mother?)
(The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere)
一個(gè)國家的誕生 - 1776年7月4日 (A Nation Is Born - July 4, 1776)
幾個(gè)革命家 (Some Revolutionary Lives)
一個(gè)發(fā)明家:苯.富蘭克林 (An Inventive Man: Ben Franklin)
一個(gè)勇敢的婦女:黛博拉.桑普森 (A Courageous Woman: Deborah Sampson)
一個(gè)為了自由的詩人:菲莉斯- 惠特莉 (A Poet for Freedom: Phillis Wheatley)
國父:喬治·華盛頓 (A Father to His Country: George Washington)
“叫它麥克羅尼” ("And called it macaroni"!)
所有人的自由? (Freedom for All?)
美洲在發(fā)展 (America Grows)
多好的交易!購買路易斯安那(What a Bargain! The Louisiana Purchase)
向前看 (Looking Ahead)
III. 視覺藝術(shù) (Visual Arts)
引言 (Introduction)
人類創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)已經(jīng)很長時(shí)間了 (People Have Been Making Art for a Very Long Time)
繽紛的世界 (A World of Color)
畫線條 (Get in Line!)
畫圖形 (Get in Shape!)
質(zhì)地:哦,如此的感覺!(Texture: Oh, What a Feeling!)
好好看:肖像 (Looking Good: Portraits)
自畫像:好好看看你自己 (Self-Portraits: Take a Good Look at Yourself)
靜物畫 (Hold Still!)
壁畫:畫在墻上的畫 (Murals: Paintings on Walls)
IV. 音樂 (Music)
引言 (Introduction)
樂器和樂器分類 (Instruments and Their Families)
管弦樂團(tuán) (The Orchestra)
偉大的作曲家 (Great Composers)
莫扎特,一個(gè)wonder男孩 ("Mozart the Wonder Boy")
音樂可以講述故事 (Music Can Tell a Story)
音樂舞臺?。焊鑴?nbsp;(Dramas with Music: Opera)
音樂可以讓你運(yùn)動(dòng) (Music Can Make You Move)
爵士音樂 (jazz)
旋律與和聲 (Melody and Harmony)
我有了節(jié)奏 (I've Got Rhythm!)
音樂的讀寫 (Reading and Writing Music)
一些受人喜愛的歌曲 (A Few Favorite Songs)
美麗的美利堅(jiān) (America, the Beautiful)
Blow the Man Down
蟑螂歌 (La Cucaracha (The cockroach))
比利男孩 (Billy Boy)
走在河灘上 (Down by the Riverside)
他是一個(gè)快樂的好小伙 (For He's a Jolly Good Fellow)
流入山谷 (Down in the Valley)
Dry Bones
兩只老虎 (Frere Jacques/Brother John) (東升注:中文翻譯時(shí),歌詞和歌名全都改了。)
麥克劃船上岸 (Michael, Row the Boat Ashore)
在老斯莫基山頂上 (On Top of Old Smoky)
她將繞過這座山脈過來 (She'll be Commin' Round the Mountain)
跳躍的靈魂 (Skip to my Lou) (東升注:此處翻譯可能不準(zhǔn))
我的水桶有一個(gè)洞 (There's a Hole in the Bucket)
帶我出去看球賽 (Take Me Out to the Ball Game)
V. 數(shù)學(xué) (Mathematics)
引言 (Introduction)
模式和分類 (Patterns and Classifications)
數(shù)和數(shù)的認(rèn)知 (Numbers and Number Sense)
從一到十 (Numbers from 1 to 10)
多一個(gè)和少一個(gè) (One More and One Less)
序數(shù) (Numbers for Things in Order)
整數(shù)的數(shù)位 (Place Value)
從20到100的整數(shù)的數(shù)位 (Place Value from 21 to 100)
一百以下數(shù)數(shù) (Counting to 100)
十二是一打 (Twelve Is a Dozen)
大于和小于 (Greater Than and Less Than)
課堂練習(xí): 以前和以后 (Activity: Before and After)
課堂練習(xí): 數(shù)字卡片游戲 (Activity: Number Flesh Card Activities)
圖形的使用 (Using Graphs)
分?jǐn)?shù) (Fractions)
課堂練習(xí): 用骰子做加法(Activity: dicey addition)
三個(gè)數(shù)的加法 (Adding Three Numbers)
減法:拿走后剩下差數(shù) (Subtraction: Taking Away Leaves the Difference)
比較差與和 (Comparing Differences and Sums)
加減法的幾組基本性質(zhì) (Fact family)
課堂練習(xí): 找出神秘?cái)?shù) (Activity: Find the Mystery Number)
課堂練習(xí): 加減的故事 (Activity: Addition and Subtraction Stories)
課堂練習(xí): 一百以內(nèi)數(shù)表 (Activity: a Hundred Table)
兩位數(shù)加法 (Two-digit Addition)
兩位數(shù)減法 (Two-digit Subtraction)
計(jì)算 (Computation)
12以內(nèi)加法 (Addition Facts to 12)
0到12的減法 (Subtraction Facts from 0 to 12)
錢 (Money)
課堂練習(xí): 硬幣組合 (Activity: Coin Combinations)
幾何 (Geometry)
平面圖形和立體圖形 (Flat and Solid Shapes)
課堂練習(xí): (Activity: Simon Says)
度量 (Measurement)
日歷 (Calendar Time)
課堂練習(xí): (Activity: Telling Time)
VI. 科學(xué) (Science)
引言 (Introduction)
生物和它們的□息地 Living Things and Their Habitats)
森林棲息地 (The Forest Habitat)
地下棲息地 (The Underground Habitat)
沙漠棲息地 (The Desert Habitat)
水棲息地 (Water Habitats)
食物鏈 (The Food Chain)
動(dòng)物和植物需要它們自己的棲息地,所以我們要小心 (Animals and Plants Need Their Habitats, So Be Careful)
已經(jīng)消失但仍然受關(guān)注的生物:恐龍 (Extinct but Still Popular: Dinosaurs)
海洋和海面下的生活 (Oceans and Undersea Life)
海洋和潮水 (The Oceans and the Tides)
洋流 (Ocean Currents)
海底 (Under the Ocean)
人類和海洋世界 (Humans and the Ocean World)
人體 (The Human Body)
骨架系統(tǒng) (The Skeletal System)
肌肉系統(tǒng) (The Muscular System)
循環(huán)系統(tǒng) (Circulatory System)
消化系統(tǒng) (The Digestive System)
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng) (The Nervous System)
生病和健康 (In Sickness and in Health)
保護(hù)自己的身體 (Take Care of Your Body)
物質(zhì):固體、液體、氣體 (Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas)
空氣是物質(zhì) (Air Is Matter)
物質(zhì)狀態(tài)的變化 (Changing States of Matter)
度量:多長、多多、多熱 (Measurement: How Long, How Much, How Hot)
度量單位 (Units of Measurement)
多長和多高? (How Long? How Tall?)
占據(jù)多少空間? (How Much Space DOes It Fill?)
杯、夸特、加侖 (Cups, Quarts, and Gallons)(東升注:一杯 = ?美國人仍然使用英制)
溫度:多熱、多冷?(Temperature: How Hot? How Cold?)
電:簡介 (Eletricity: An Introduction to the Shocking Facts)
靜電 (Static Electricity)
開和關(guān) (On and Off)
導(dǎo)體 (COnductors)
試驗(yàn):什么導(dǎo)電? (An Experiment: What Conduct?)
與電有關(guān)的安全知識 (Safety Rules Around Electricity)
天文:太陽系 (Astronomy: Our Solar System)
我們的太陽系 (Our Solar System)
月球 (The Moon)
星座:用線鏈接起來的星星 (Constellations: Connect-the-Dot Stars)
我們的巨大、轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)著和移動(dòng)著的地球 (Our Big, Round, Moving earth)
試驗(yàn):是什么造成了白天和黑夜?(An Experiment: What Makes Day and Night?)
回到地球來 (Down to Earth)
地球的內(nèi)部 (Inside the Earth)
地球是由不同的巖石組成 (The Earth Makes Different Kinds of Rocks)
地球上的重要礦物 (The Earth's Important Minerals)
科學(xué)家的故事 (Stories About Scientists)
愛德華·詹納(Edward Jenner)
路易·巴斯德(Louis Pasteur)
托馬斯·愛迪生(Thomas Edison)
蕾切爾·卡遜(Rachel Carson)