一、As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.
好像這一切還不足以使你急得掉眼淚，你的丈夫接著回來了，事先沒打招呼就帶來3個(gè)客人吃飯。
【解析】
1. Reduce sb. to sth. : “使某人陷入某種狀況”，比如這里的reduce sb. to tears 使某人落淚；這里tears還可以替換為其他詞，比如，reduce sb. to despair 使某人絕望；reduce sb. to silence 使人沉默，例如：She was reduced to tears in front of her students. 她在學(xué)生面前流下了眼淚。
2. Unexpected: “出乎意料的；始料不及的”，比如，an unexpected visitor 不速之客。這里unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner作伴隨狀語。
作業(yè)一、當(dāng)人群得知他們的國(guó)家隊(duì)遭受了一次意外且丟臉的失敗后，他們陷入了沉默。
The crowd was reduced to silence when they learned that their national team had suffered an unexpected and humiliating defeat.
二、What invariably happens is that a great number of things choose to go wrong at precisely the same moment.
情況經(jīng)常是這樣的，許許多多的事情都偏偏趕在同一時(shí)刻出問題。
【解析】
1. What 引導(dǎo)主語從句，is為系動(dòng)詞，that引導(dǎo)表語從句，該句為主+系+表結(jié)構(gòu)。
2. What invariably happens is that … : “往往總是…，情況經(jīng)常是這樣的”，invariably表示“始終如一地；一貫地”，比如，This is not invariably the case. 事情并非總是如此。
3. Go wrong: “出毛病；弄錯(cuò)；發(fā)生故障”，比如，She is not short of excuses when things go wrong. 事情出了差錯(cuò)，她老有借口。
作業(yè)二、情況常常是這樣的，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)問題時(shí)，樂觀主義者會(huì)迅速采取行動(dòng)，向他人尋求建議并找到解決方案，而悲觀者往往陷在問題中，始終找不到出口。
What invariably happens is that when things go wrong,optimists act quickly, seeking advice from others and
come up with solutions, while pessimists get stuck in the problem and cannot find a way out.
三、However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.
不管你打算如何消磨時(shí)間，有件事是可以肯定的，即當(dāng)你抵達(dá)目的地時(shí)，你感到精神煥發(fā)，毫無倦意。
【解析】
1. However 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，這里however相當(dāng)于no matter how
2. One thing is certain: “可以肯定的是”，這個(gè)表達(dá)在寫作中非常實(shí)用，這個(gè)句型建議背誦下來，比如，One thing is certain: if you have a purpose-driven life, you will become happier.有一點(diǎn)是確定的，如果你的生活有目標(biāo)，你會(huì)變得更加快樂。冒號(hào)“：”，在此處相當(dāng)于引導(dǎo)同位語的that。
3. fresh and uncrumpled：“精神煥發(fā)”，uncrumple表示“使回到初始狀態(tài)”，fresh and uncrumpled在這里作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
作業(yè)三、爬山途中不管你覺得多么疲勞，有一點(diǎn)是可以肯定的：當(dāng)你到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，你會(huì)覺得神清氣爽；當(dāng)你看到腳下的美景時(shí)，你會(huì)覺得你之前的努力都是值得的。
However exhausted you feel when climbing up the mountain, one thing is certain: you will be fresh and uncrumpled when you hit the mountaintop, and your efforts will be paid off the moment you see the breathtaking views under your feet.
四、At first, she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again — the letter had made that quite clear — she changed her mind.
一開始拉姆齊太太打算報(bào)告警察，但又害怕再也見不到拉斯特斯了——這點(diǎn)，信上說得十分明白——于是便改變了主意。
【解析】
1. Fearing 為分詞作原因狀語。
2. Make it clear: “表明，弄清楚”，后面可以接that從句，比如，I want to make it clear, however, that no one is untouchable in this investigation. 但是，我想說清楚，沒有人可以免于接受這次調(diào)查。
作業(yè)四、因?yàn)閾?dān)心人們可能會(huì)把垃圾扔到湖里，管理人員明確表示亂扔垃圾是被嚴(yán)格禁止的，但很多游客似乎并不把這當(dāng)一回事。
Fearing that people may throw rubbish into the lake, the administrative staff have made it clear that littering is strictly forbidden, but it seems that many tourists don't take it seriously.
五、Like a scientist bent on making a discovery, he must cherish the hope that one day he will be amply rewarded.
他必須像一個(gè)專心致志進(jìn)行探索的科學(xué)家那樣抱有這樣的希望，即終有一天，他的努力會(huì)取得豐碩的成果。
【解析】
1. Like a scientist 為介詞短語作方式狀語；bent on making a discovery為形容詞短語作后置定語；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
2. be bent on sth. / doing：“專心致志于 ; 一心想要”，比如，George used to be bent on law as a profession. 喬治以前一直把法律作為職業(yè)潛心攻讀。
作業(yè)五、就像足球隊(duì)員想方設(shè)法把球踢進(jìn)對(duì)方球門一樣，孩子們正盡力將父親推向兄弟姐妹手中，而此時(shí)，年邁的父親坐在中間，像一個(gè)走丟了的孩子一樣，感到絕望。
Like a footballer bent on kicking the ball into the opponent's goal, the children are trying their best to push the father into their siblings’ hands, and the father, sitting in the middle of the field, looks like a lost child, feeling hopeless.
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