一、In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the press are rightly condemned.
在民主國家里，任何限制新聞自由的企圖都理所當(dāng)然地受到譴責(zé)。
【解析】
1. Restrict：“束縛；妨礙；阻礙”，這個詞大家都很熟悉了，這里主要提示一下這個表達(dá)：restrict yourself/sb (to sth/to doing sth)，這里to是介詞，后面跟動詞ing形式，比如，I restrict myself to one cup of coffee a day. 我控制自己每天只喝一杯咖啡。
2. Rightly：“正當(dāng)?shù)?；理由充分地”，He was proud of his beautiful house, and rightly so.他為自己的漂亮房子感到驕傲，這是很自然的。
作業(yè)一、為了減肥，他發(fā)揮了自制力，只允許自己吃低脂食物，這一點(diǎn)是正確的。
To keep his weight down, he exercises self-control and rightly restricts himself to a low-fat diet.
二、We also make the fundamental error of announcing our resolutions to everybody so that we look even more foolish when we slip back into our bad old ways.
我們還犯有一個根本性的錯誤，即把我們的決心向大家宣布。這樣一旦滑回到那些壞的老習(xí)慣上去，我們在別人眼里會顯得更加難堪。
【解析】
1. So that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。
2. fundamental error: “根本錯誤”，比如，The fundamental error of many small business websites is the lack of a clear call to action. 許多小型企業(yè)網(wǎng)站的基本錯誤是缺乏一個明確的行動指引。
3. Slip back into：“重新陷入（某種不好的狀態(tài)）”，比如，I let him slip back into my life ten years later as easily as water flowing through a gate. 十年后，我也任由他回到我的生活中來，就好像水流過閥門一樣簡單。
作業(yè)二、每日自省可以讓我們避免重新陷入到一些老舊習(xí)慣中去，這些習(xí)慣經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致我們的工作和生活出現(xiàn)根本性的錯誤，這樣我們才能朝著正確的方向前行。
Making a daily self-examination could keep us from slipping back into our old habits, which often give rise to fundamental errors in our work and life, so that we can be heading in the right direction.
三、The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer.
由于橋身太長，設(shè)計者不得不對地形加以考慮。
【解析】
1. So…that…: “這樣…為的是；如此…以至”，這個表達(dá)大家一定很熟悉了，熟悉又會用的表達(dá)一定要用到寫作中來。造個句：The programme has been so organized that none of the talks overlap. 日程做了精心安排，以使每一講都沒有重復(fù)內(nèi)容。
2. Take…into account: “考慮到；顧及”，也可以變?yōu)閠ake account of sth. ，比如，The defendant asked for a number of other offences to be taken into account.被告要求將其他一些犯罪行為一并考慮。
作業(yè)三、學(xué)生的出勤率是如此之低，以至于老師們在計算期末總分時不得不把學(xué)生出勤、課堂表現(xiàn)和考試得分都考慮進(jìn)去。
The attendance rate of students is so low that their teachers have to take student attendance,classroom
performance as well as exam results into account before deciding their final scores at the end of the semester.
四、They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing.
它們有著一定的含義，因?yàn)樗鼈円呀咏糯说奈淖中问健?nbsp;
【解析】
1. be near to writing：接近書寫形式，這里為使句子簡練和避免不必要的單詞的使用，在get后面省略了near，相當(dāng)于 …for they were as near as early man could get (near) to writing.
2. as early man could get 為方式狀語，修飾near，意思是“它們是早期人類最接近的書寫形式”。
作業(yè)四、對于很多年輕人來說，剪一個跟偶像一樣的發(fā)型或者把偶像的名字紋在身上是他們能表達(dá)對偶像愛意的最佳方法了。
For most young people, having the same haircut as their idol or tattooing their idol's name on their body is as near as they can get to showing their adoration.
五、The idea that modern art can only be seen in museum is mistaken.
那種認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)只能在博物館里才能看到的觀點(diǎn)是錯誤的。
【解析】
1. That引導(dǎo)同位語從句，修飾限定the idea的內(nèi)容，主句是：The idea is mistaken。
2. Mistake: 這個詞大家應(yīng)該非常熟悉了，作名詞時表示“（言語或行為上的）錯誤，失誤”，常常與make搭配；作動詞時表示“誤會；誤解；看錯”，后面可以直接接sb. /sth. 。與這個詞相關(guān)的表達(dá)很多，大家可以查查字典自行積累，用到寫作中也是一大亮點(diǎn)。
作業(yè)五、那些認(rèn)為女性的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力不如男性的想法與其說是過時的，不如說是錯誤的。舉幾個例子，F(xiàn)acebook的首席運(yùn)營官（chief operating officer,簡稱COO）謝麗·桑德伯格（Sherie Sandberg）和德國總理安吉拉·默克爾（Angela Merkel）證明了女性不僅能夠領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個公司，更能領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一個國家。
The idea that women are inferior to men in terms of leadership is not so much outdated as mistaken. To give just a few examples, Sheryl Sandberg, the COO of Facebook,and Ms.Angela Merkel,the Chancellor of Germany, show that women can not only lead a company but also a country.
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